[Quality of the home parenteral nutrition program: 14 years of experience at a general university hospital]. / Calidad del programa de nutrición parenteral a domicilio: 14 años de experiencia en un hospital general universitario.

ABSTRACT

The quality of home parenteral nutrition (NPD in its Spanish acronym) depends on the frequency and type of complication associated with NPD treatment and the likelihood of survival. The present study assesses the quality of the NPD programme in place in our hospital in terms of survival, infections and mechanical complications. A retrospective study was carried out into the clinical follow-up data of all the patients (n = 24) included in our NPD programme since its start in 1985 until 1998 (14 years). An estimate is made for a) the annual index of infectious complications (IAC in its Spanish acronym), b) the annual index of mechanical complications (MAC in its Spanish acronym) and c) the likelihood of survival by means of the Kaplan-Meier method. The quality specifications adopted are those of the literature reflecting the current provision of NPD programmes and the survival values of patients undergoing dialysis for chronic kidney failure. The most frequent pathology in our context is benign (70.8%), distributed as follows small bowel syndrome of ischaemic origin (45.8%), small bowel syndrome of non-ischaemic origin (12.5%) and idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (12.5%). The patients with benign pathologies present a higher survival rate than patients with neoplastic disease (95% in the fifth year of treatment versus 45% at twenty months), with a statistically significant difference. The annual index of infectious complications is 0.6 (median value of the 14 years studied). Similarly, the annual indices of obstructions and thromboses are 0.11 and 0.0095, respectively. In our opinion, the quality of the NPD programme in place at our hospital is highly satisfactory because both the survival rate and the annual indices of mechanical and infectious complications are acceptable with regard to the programmes in place in the international sphere. In addition, in terms of survival, NPD seems slightly more effective than dialysis for chronic kidney disease.