The C-terminus of complement regulator Factor H mediates target recognition: evidence for a compact conformation of the native protein.
Clin Exp Immunol
; 144(2): 342-52, 2006 May.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-16634809
ABSTRACT
The complement inhibitor Factor H has three distinct binding sites for C3b and for heparin, but in solution uses specifically the most C-terminal domain, i.e. short consensus repeats (SCR) 20 for ligand interaction. Two novel monoclonal antibodies (mABs C14 and C18) that bind to the most C-terminal domain SCR 20 completely blocked interaction of Factor H with the ligands C3b, C3d, heparin and binding to endothelial cells. In contrast, several mAbs that bind to the N-terminus and to the middle regions of the molecule showed no or minor inhibitory effects when assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and ligand interaction assays. This paradox between a single functional binding site identified for native Factor H versus multiple interaction sites reported for deletion constructs is explained by a compact conformation of the fluid phase protein with one accessible binding site. On zymosan particles mAbs C14 and C18 blocked alternative pathway activation completely. Thus demonstrating that native Factor H makes the first and initial contact with the C terminus, which is followed by N terminally mediated complement regulation. These results are explained by a conformational hypothetical model the native Factor H protein has a compact structure and only one binding site accessible. Upon the first contact the protein unfolds and exposes the additional binding sites. This model does explain how Factor H mediates recognition functions during complement control and the clustering of disease associated mutations in patients with haemolytic uraemic syndrome that have been reported in the C-terminal recognition domain of Factor H.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Type of study:
Prognostic_studies
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Clin Exp Immunol
Year:
2006
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Germany