The effect of cigarette or sheesha smoking on first-trimester markers of Down syndrome.
BJOG
; 114(11): 1397-401, 2007 Nov.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-17803717
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the influence of cigarette or sheesha smoking on first-trimester markers of Down syndrome.DESIGN:
A prospective observational study.SETTING:
Primary care centres and antenatal clinics of Maternity and Children Hospital, King Abdulaziz University Hospital and New Jeddah Clinic Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. POPULATION Women with a singleton pregnancy who were either nonsmokers (n = 1736) or cigarette smokers (n = 420) or sheesha smokers (n = 181).METHODS:
Fetal nuchal translucency thickness (fetal NT), maternal serum free beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (free beta-hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) were measured at 11 weeks 0 days to 13 weeks 6 days of gestation in all women. Women were grouped according to smoking status, confirmed by maternal serum cotinine measurements, and analyte levels between groups were compared. MAIN OUTCOMEMEASURES:
Fetal NT, maternal serum free beta-hCG, PAPP-A and cotinine measurements.RESULTS:
Compared with nonsmoking women, fetal NT was significantly increased and free beta-hCG and PAPP-A levels were significantly decreased in both cigarette and sheesha smokers. There were significant relationships between all three markers and the number of sheeshas consumed per day.CONCLUSIONS:
Cigarette and sheesha smoking significantly affect first-trimester markers of Down syndrome (fetal NT, free beta-hCG and PAPP-A). Correction for this effect in women who smoke might improve the effectiveness of first-trimester screening for Down syndrome in these women. The underlying mechanism(s) relating smoking to the changes in first-trimester markers require further studies.
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Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Smoking
/
Down Syndrome
Type of study:
Clinical_trials
/
Diagnostic_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Pregnancy
Country/Region as subject:
Asia
Language:
En
Journal:
BJOG
Journal subject:
GINECOLOGIA
/
OBSTETRICIA
Year:
2007
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Saudi Arabia
Publication country:
ENGLAND
/
ESCOCIA
/
GB
/
GREAT BRITAIN
/
INGLATERRA
/
REINO UNIDO
/
SCOTLAND
/
UK
/
UNITED KINGDOM