Prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle and the influence of methylphenidate in children with ADHD.
J Atten Disord
; 18(2): 117-22, 2014 Feb.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-22713361
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
ADHD is common among children with comorbidity of enuresis. Findings concerning prepulse inhibition (PPI) of startle reflexes are controversial. Although PPI is improved through desamino-arginine vasopressin (dDAVP) in enuresis, some patients also improve concomitant ADHD through dDAVP. This study aims to evaluate whether methylphenidate (MPH) also improves PPI in ADHD.METHOD:
Nineteen ADHD patients were investigated in a prospective, double-blind, crossover study with MPH versus placebo. PPI was measured as a reduction of acoustic startle reflexes. Subgroups of gender, ADHD subtype, and baseline PPI were analyzed.RESULTS:
Median baseline PPI of ADHD patients (51.7%) was below the value of age-matched normal controls (73%, p = .090). MPH showed no improvement in the whole group, or the subgroups gender or subtype. Reduced baseline PPI was significantly improved (22.5%-39.3%, p = .039).CONCLUSION:
Heterogeneity of ADHD is confirmed with a wide range of baseline PPI. The improvement of reduced baseline PPI through MPH suggests impaired sensorimotor gating in this subgroup.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Reactive Inhibition
/
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
/
Reflex, Startle
/
Central Nervous System Stimulants
/
Methylphenidate
Type of study:
Clinical_trials
/
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Child
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
En
Journal:
J Atten Disord
Journal subject:
PSICOLOGIA
/
PSIQUIATRIA
Year:
2014
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Germany