Drusen prevalence and pigmentary changes in Caucasians aged 18-54 years.

ABSTRACT

AIMS AND PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and characteristics of drusen and pigmentary changes in a middle-aged population. METHODS: Retinal images from 500 individuals aged 18-54 years were included. The source of participants was two UK optometry practices. Retinal images were graded using the Wisconsin Age-Related Maculopathy Grading System. However, owing to the relatively young age of the population studied, a new category of drusen of smaller size (<31.5 µm) was introduced. RESULTS: Drusen were identified within the central macular grid in 91.48% of all gradable eyes and in 444 subjects. Drusen sized <31.5 µm were present in 89.7% of eyes, drusen sized >31.5 µm and <63 µm were present in 45.9% of all eyes and drusen >63 µm and <125 µm were present in only 1.7% of eyes. No eye had drusen larger or equal to 125 µm. Very few eyes (1.2%) showed pigmentary changes within the grid. Drusen load increased with increasing age, P <0.001. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of drusen in a younger Caucasian population aged 18-54 years is high, with 91.48% of all gradable eyes having drusen. The most frequent drusen subtype was hard distinct drusen <31.5 µm. No druse greater or equal in size to 125 µm was seen. Pigmentary changes are rare.