Cardiovascular events increased at normal and high-normal blood pressure in young and middle-aged Japanese male smokers but not in nonsmokers.
J Hypertens
; 31(2): 263-70, 2013 Feb.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-23160105
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To clarify whether the impact of normal and high-normal BP (BP) per se on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause death differs depending on smoking status. METHODS ANDRESULTS:
A prospective observational cohort study (median follow-up period 7.5 years) was performed among 25,077 healthy nondiabetic Japanese men aged 20-61 years (mean age 37.3 years), whose BP was less than 150/95 mmHg and who were not on medication. Hazard ratios (HRs), adjusted by known risk factors and a change in annual BP during the follow-up, were calculated by the Cox proportional model with less than 119/75 mmHg as a reference. Among smokers, CVD events increased significantly from a SBP of 120 mmHg, with HRs of 2.68 (120-129 mmHg), 4.28 (130-139 mmHg), and 11.7 (140-149 mmHg). The CVD events also increased from a DBP of 75 mmHg (P for trend less than 0.0001), with 75-79 mmHg and 90-94 mmHg considered statistically significant. Among noncurrent smokers, 110-149 mmHg (SBP) and 75-89 mmHg (DBP) were not associated with elevated HRs for CVD. The relation between BP and all-cause mortality was similar among both current and noncurrent smokers 140-149 mmHg (SBP) and 90-94 mmHg (DBP) were significantly associated with elevated risk, and 130-139 mmHg (SBP) among noncurrent smokers associated with elevated risk.CONCLUSION:
Young and middle-aged healthy Japanese individuals with normal and high-normal BP (120-139/75-89 mmHg) were at risk for CVD among smokers, even after adjusting for an annual change in BP.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Blood Pressure
/
Cardiovascular Diseases
/
Smoking
Type of study:
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Adult
/
Humans
/
Male
Country/Region as subject:
Asia
Language:
En
Journal:
J Hypertens
Year:
2013
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Japan