[Effectiveness of an educational program for reducing blood culture contamination]. / Efectividad de un programa formativo para disminuir los hemocultivos contaminados.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Blood culture contaminations can lead to unnecessary diagnostic procedures and treatments, increasing workload, length of stay, and costs. OBJETIVES Development of an educational program to reduce contamination rates. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Our study compared contamination rates (CR) between a pre-intervention period (Ppre) and post-intervention period (Ppos), where clinical charts from patients with positive blood cultures were reviewed. Intervention consisted of a questionnaire where knowledge of blood culture practice and its significance was assessed. Results are discussed and explained. RESULTS: A presentation on blood culture guidelines was discussed in every nurse station. There was a median of 64% (40.8-78.5) attendance rate. The median of correct answers was 69% in the Ppre (54.1-83.3) with 85.7% (83.3-100) in the Ppos, indicating an improvement in 85.7% of the departments that could be compared. There were 136 (4.2%) contaminants in the Ppre and 186 (6.05%) in the Ppos (P=.005). Among the different departments the average of CR varied from 5% vs 7.5% (P=.79) between 2011 and 2012. Only 2 departments reduced CR by 2% to 2.5%, the difference was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: The intervention failed to reduce overall contamination rates, but knowledge of blood culture practice improved. Our results identified the errors that will help us to design a successful approach in future follow-up programs.