Antigen itself antibody: an alternative one-step immunoassay for measuring the anti-idiotypic antibody titer.

ABSTRACT

Immunoassay designs rely on the great specificity of antibodies and a suitable marker that facilitates generation of a quantitative signal. Currently, there is no reliable method for measuring the titers of an anti-idiotypic antibody. Our initial attempt to measure titers of mouse anti-idiotypic antibody after idiotypic vaccination with HM-1 killer toxin neutralizing monoclonal antibody (nmAb-KT) failed. Because the injected antigen, nmAb-KT, is a mouse IgG, using a commercial antibody to measure the antibody titer always gave a false positive signal against control mouse serum antibody in parallel with the antigen-treated immunized serum antibodies. To get a reliable and clearly differentiable signal by ELISA, idiotypic antigen was labeled with HRP and HRP-conjugated-nmAb-KT used to measure the antibody titers in the antigen-treated mice. Compared with control mice, signals were found in high anti-nmAb-KT IgG responses in test mice; however, untreated control mice had a significant amount of purified non-specific IgG. This method is amenable to long read lengths and will likely enable anti-idiotypic antibody titer measurement in a more specific and cost effective way without requiring commercial antibody.