Estradiol and Progesterone Administration After pMCAO Stimulates the Neurological Recovery and Reduces the Detrimental Effect of Ischemia Mainly in Hippocampus.
Mol Neurobiol
; 52(3): 1690-1703, 2015 Dec.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25377795
ABSTRACT
Epidemiological studies have suggested a differential response, males versus female, in stroke incidence and prognosis. These divergences in brain response after damage are based mostly on hormonal differences. To date, estradiol and progesterone administered independently have demonstrated neuroprotection after ischemia in animal models. Nonetheless, contradictory results were revealed using a combined administration. In order to evaluate the effects of combinatorial treatment administered after ischemia induction, we used two different approaches in vivo and in vitro models. Male rats which underwent permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion were treated with a combination of estradiol/progesterone at 6, 24 and 48 h after injury and sacrificed at 54 h post-ischemia. The rat brains were evaluated for reactive gliosis, NeuN-positive neurons, levels of synapse-associated proteins and activity levels of PI3K/Akt/GSK3/ß-catenin survival pathway. Also, primary cortical neurons were subjected to oxygen and glucose deprivation for 17 h and returned to a normal environment in the presence of estradiol or estradiol/progesterone. Cell viability was evaluated, and activity levels of the PI3K/Akt/GSK3/ß-catenin pathway. Our results indicate that some beneficial effects of estradiol were abolished in the presence of progesterone, particularly in the cerebral cortex (core). However, the combinatorial treatment showed positive effects in the hippocampus.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Progesterone
/
Brain Ischemia
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Neuroprotective Agents
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Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
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Estradiol
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Hippocampus
Limits:
Animals
Language:
En
Journal:
Mol Neurobiol
Journal subject:
BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR
/
NEUROLOGIA
Year:
2015
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Spain
Publication country:
EEUU
/
ESTADOS UNIDOS
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ESTADOS UNIDOS DA AMERICA
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EUA
/
UNITED STATES
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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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US
/
USA