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Sulfate was a trace constituent of Archean seawater.
Crowe, Sean A; Paris, Guillaume; Katsev, Sergei; Jones, CarriAyne; Kim, Sang-Tae; Zerkle, Aubrey L; Nomosatryo, Sulung; Fowle, David A; Adkins, Jess F; Sessions, Alex L; Farquhar, James; Canfield, Donald E.
Affiliation
  • Crowe SA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. NordCEE and Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. sacrowe1@gmail.com.
  • Paris G; Department of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
  • Katsev S; Large Lakes Observatory and Department of Physics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55812, USA.
  • Jones C; Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. NordCEE and Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
  • Kim ST; School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Zerkle AL; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, UK.
  • Nomosatryo S; Research Center for Limnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia.
  • Fowle DA; Department of Geology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
  • Adkins JF; Department of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
  • Sessions AL; Department of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
  • Farquhar J; Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
  • Canfield DE; NordCEE and Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Science ; 346(6210): 735-9, 2014 Nov 07.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25378621
ABSTRACT
In the low-oxygen Archean world (>2400 million years ago), seawater sulfate concentrations were much lower than today, yet open questions frustrate the translation of modern measurements of sulfur isotope fractionations into estimates of Archean seawater sulfate concentrations. In the water column of Lake Matano, Indonesia, a low-sulfate analog for the Archean ocean, we find large (>20 per mil) sulfur isotope fractionations between sulfate and sulfide, but the underlying sediment sulfides preserve a muted range of δ(34)S values. Using models informed by sulfur cycling in Lake Matano, we infer Archean seawater sulfate concentrations of less than 2.5 micromolar. At these low concentrations, marine sulfate residence times were likely 10(3) to 10(4) years, and sulfate scarcity would have shaped early global biogeochemical cycles, possibly restricting biological productivity in Archean oceans.
Subject(s)

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Seawater / Sulfates / Biological Products Type of study: Prognostic_studies Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: En Journal: Science Year: 2014 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Denmark

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Seawater / Sulfates / Biological Products Type of study: Prognostic_studies Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: En Journal: Science Year: 2014 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Denmark