[Promote better nutritional behaviours among shift workers with night shift]. / Promouvoir un meilleur comportement nutritionnel chez les travailleurs postés avec horaires de nuit.

ABSTRACT

AIM: Shift work, especially including a night shift, is associated with degradation of physical, social and psychosocial health as well as poor well-being. Food imbalance and low physical activity contributed to the negative effects on health. Our objective was to promote a healthier nutritional behaviour according to the French national nutrition and health program recommendations (PNNS). METHODS: A one-year nutritional intervention with personalised dietetic counselling was proposed to 235 shift workers with night shift who came for a health prevention exam in one of the centres of the Institut Inter-Régional pour la Santé between 2009 and 2011. The intervention was three dietary interviews at baseline with definition of goal setting, at 3 months for advice and support and at one-year for the evaluation. At 6 months, a personalised reminder letter was send. Compliance with the PNNS recommendations and level of physical activity were evaluated at baseline and at one-year by a self-administered questionnaire. Changes between baseline and follow-up were compared by paired t-tests or McNemar-tests. RESULTS: The rate of follow-up was 57.4%. At the end of the study, subjects improved their compliance with PNNS guidelines concerning sweetened products (P<0.001), water (P=0.02) and salt (P=0.05), increased their leisure physical activity (P=0.001) and decreased their daily energy intakes (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: A structured intervention can improve nutritional behaviours of shift workers. This intervention enabled to inform and alert on the risk related to this work schedule and promote better nutritional behaviours.