Molecular characterization of respiratory syncytial viruses infecting children reported to have received palivizumab immunoprophylaxis.
J Clin Virol
; 65: 26-31, 2015 Apr.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25766983
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of respiratory infections in children. Palivizumab (PZ) is the only RSV-specific immunoprophylaxis approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Mutations leading to amino acid substitutions in the PZ binding site of the RSV F protein have been associated with breakthrough RSV infections in patients receiving PZ.OBJECTIVE:
To detect PZ resistance conferring mutations in RSV strains from children who received PZ. STUDYDESIGN:
Children aged ≤ 24 months on October 31 who were hospitalized or had outpatient visits for respiratory illness and/or fever during October-May 2001-2008 in 3 US counties were included. PZ receipt was obtained from parent interviews and medical records among children subsequently infected with RSV. Archived nasal/throat swab specimens were tested for RSV by real-time RT-PCR. The coding region of the PZ binding site of the RSV F protein was sequenced using both Sanger and pyrosequencing methods.RESULTS:
Of 8762 enrolled children, 375 (4.3%) were tested for RSV and had a history of PZ receipt, of which 56 (14.9%) were RSV-positive and 45 of these had available archived specimens. Molecular typing identified 42 partial F gene sequences in specimens from 39 children 19 single RSV subgroup A, 17 subgroup B and 3 mixed infections. Nucleotide substitutions were identified in 12/42 (28.6%) RSV strains. PZ resistance mutations were identified in 4 (10.2%) of the 39 children, of which one had documented PZ receipt.CONCLUSIONS:
Although RSV PZ resistance mutations were infrequent, most RSV-associated illnesses in children with a history of PZ receipt were not due to strain resistance.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Antiviral Agents
/
Respiratory Syncytial Viruses
/
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections
/
Palivizumab
Type of study:
Prognostic_studies
Limits:
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Country/Region as subject:
America do norte
Language:
En
Journal:
J Clin Virol
Journal subject:
VIROLOGIA
Year:
2015
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Brazil