[Evaluation of a supervised physical exercise program in sedentary patients over 65 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus]. / Evaluación de un programa de ejercicio físico supervisado en pacientes sedentarios mayores de 65 años con diabetes mellitus tipo 2.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze whether an exercise program can modify glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), lipids, cardiovascular risk profile (CVR), self-perceived health status (SHS), and pharmaceutical expenditure (PE). DESIGN: A randomized, single blind, controlled trial. INTERVENTION program of supervised aerobic physical exercise. Analysis by intention to treat. LOCATION Primary Care 2 rural health areas. Health Area of Navalmoral. Cáceres. Extremadura. Spain. PARTICIPANTS: 100 type 2 diabetic patients, aged 65 to 80 years, sedentary. Distribution 50% control group (CG) and 50% intervention group (IG). Abandoned 12%. INTERVENTION monitored aerobic exercise 40minutes, 2 days/week, 3 months. KEY MEASURES: HbA1c, BP, BMI, lipid, CVR, SHS, PE. Complications during exercise. RESULTS: There were post-intervention differences between groups in HbA1c, BP, BMI, cholesterol and SHS. In the IG, there was a significant decrease in; HbA1c 0.2±0.4% (95% CI 0.1 to 0.3), systolic BP 11.8±8.5mmHg (95% CI 5.1 to 11.9), BMI 0.5±1 (95% CI 0.2 to 0.8), total cholesterol 14±28.2mg/dl (95% CI 5.9 to 22.2), LDL 18.3±28.2mg/dl 95% CI 10.2 to 26.3), CVR 6.7±7.7% (95% CI 4.5 to 8.9), PE 3.9±10.2 € (95% CI 0.9 to 6.8), and an increase in SHS; 4.7±5.7 (95% CI 3 to 6.3). CONCLUSIONS: In diabetics over 65 years, a program of monitored aerobic exercise, of easy implementation, improves HbA1c, BP, cholesterol, CVR, PE, and SHS.