CD44 and TLR4 mediate hyaluronic acid regulation of Lgr5+ stem cell proliferation, crypt fission, and intestinal growth in postnatal and adult mice.
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
; 309(11): G874-87, 2015 Dec 01.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-26505972
Hyaluronic acid, a glycosaminoglycan in the extracellular matrix, binds to CD44 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). We previously addressed the role of hyaluronic acid in small intestinal and colonic growth in mice. We addressed the role of exogenous hyaluronic acid by giving hyaluronic acid intraperitoneally and the role of endogenous hyaluronic acid by giving PEP-1, a peptide that blocks hyaluronic acid binding to its receptors. Exogenous hyaluronic acid increased epithelial proliferation but had no effect on intestinal length. PEP-1 resulted in a shortened small intestine and colon and diminished epithelial proliferation. In the current study, we sought to determine whether the effects of hyaluronic acid on growth were mediated by signaling through CD44 or TLR4 by giving exogenous hyaluronic acid or PEP-1 twice a week from 3-8 wk of age to wild-type, CD44(-/-), and TLR4(-/-) mice. These studies demonstrated that signaling through both CD44 and TLR4 were important in mediating the effects of hyaluronic acid on growth in the small intestine and colon. Extending our studies to early postnatal life, we assessed the effects of exogenous hyaluronic acid and PEP-1 on Lgr5(+) stem cell proliferation and crypt fission. Administration of PEP-1 to Lgr5(+) reporter mice from postnatal day 7 to day 14 decreased Lgr5(+) cell proliferation and decreased crypt fission. These studies indicate that endogenous hyaluronic acid increases Lgr5(+) stem cell proliferation, crypt fission, and intestinal lengthening and that these effects are dependent on signaling through CD44 and TLR4.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Stem Cells
/
Colon
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Hyaluronan Receptors
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Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
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Cell Proliferation
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Toll-Like Receptor 4
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Hyaluronic Acid
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Intestinal Mucosa
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Intestine, Small
Limits:
Animals
Language:
En
Journal:
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
Journal subject:
FISIOLOGIA
/
GASTROENTEROLOGIA
Year:
2015
Document type:
Article
Country of publication:
United States