A Statewide Nested Case-Control Study of Preterm Birth and Air Pollution by Source and Composition: California, 2001-2008.
Environ Health Perspect
; 124(9): 1479-86, 2016 09.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-26895492
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Preterm birth (PTB) has been associated with exposure to air pollution, but it is unclear whether effects might vary among air pollution sources and components.OBJECTIVES:
We studied the relationships between PTB and exposure to different components of air pollution, including gases and particulate matter (PM) by size fraction, chemical composition, and sources.METHODS:
Fine and ultrafine PM (respectively, PM2.5 and PM0.1) by source and composition were modeled across California over 2000-2008. Measured PM2.5, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone concentrations were spatially interpolated using empirical Bayesian kriging. Primary traffic emissions at fine scale were modeled using CALINE4 and traffic indices. Data on maternal characteristics, pregnancies, and birth outcomes were obtained from birth certificates. Associations between PTB (n = 442,314) and air pollution exposures defined according to the maternal residence at birth were examined using a nested matched case-control approach. Analyses were adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, education and neighborhood income.RESULTS:
Adjusted odds ratios for PTB in association with interquartile range (IQR) increases in average exposure during pregnancy were 1.133 (95% CI 1.118, 1.148) for total PM2.5, 1.096 (95% CI 1.085, 1.108) for ozone, and 1.079 (95% CI 1.065, 1.093) for nitrogen dioxide. For primary PM, the strongest associations per IQR by source were estimated for onroad gasoline (9-11% increase), followed by onroad diesel (6-8%) and commercial meat cooking (4-7%). For PM2.5 composition, the strongest positive associations per IQR were estimated for nitrate, ammonium, and secondary organic aerosols (11-14%), followed by elemental and organic carbon (2-4%). Associations with local traffic emissions were positive only when analyses were restricted to births with residences geocoded at the tax parcel level.CONCLUSIONS:
In our statewide nested case-control study population, exposures to both primary and secondary pollutants were associated with an increase in PTB. CITATION Laurent O, Hu J, Li L, Kleeman MJ, Bartell SM, Cockburn M, Escobedo L, Wu J. 2016. A statewide nested case-control study of preterm birth and air pollution by source and composition California, 2001-2008. Environ Health Perspect 1241479-1486; http//dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510133.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Premature Birth
/
Air Pollutants
/
Air Pollution
/
Environmental Exposure
Type of study:
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Middle aged
/
Newborn
/
Pregnancy
Country/Region as subject:
America do norte
Language:
En
Journal:
Environ Health Perspect
Year:
2016
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
United States