Circulating biomarkers to guide systemic therapy for urothelial carcinoma.
Urol Oncol
; 34(11): 502-509, 2016 11.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-27751785
ABSTRACT
There are very few biomarkers used to diagnose bladder cancer and no clinically approved biomarkers for prediction or prognostication of this disease. All currently available biomarkers are based on urine tests, and thus, they may not be applicable to patients with extravesical tumors. Biopsy of metastatic sites requires an invasive procedure, whereas serum-based markers, which can be easily obtained and serially measured, thus have obvious merit. These deficiencies may be overcome with advances in genome sequencing, identification of circulating tumor cells, and RNA-, protein-, and DNA-based biomarkers. Here, progress in circulating biomarkers in both superficial and invasive bladder cancer is described.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell
/
Biomarkers, Tumor
/
Urologic Neoplasms
Type of study:
Prognostic_studies
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Urol Oncol
Journal subject:
NEOPLASIAS
/
UROLOGIA
Year:
2016
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Panama
Publication country:
EEUU
/
ESTADOS UNIDOS
/
ESTADOS UNIDOS DA AMERICA
/
EUA
/
UNITED STATES
/
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
/
US
/
USA