Key interindividual determinants in MDMA pharmacodynamics.
Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol
; 14(2): 183-195, 2018 Feb.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29303006
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
MDMA, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, is a synthetic phenethylamine derivative with structural and pharmacological similarities to both amphetamines and mescaline. MDMA produces characteristic amphetamine-like actions (euphoria, well-being), increases empathy, and induces pro-social effects that seem to motivate its recreational consumption and provide a basis for its potential therapeutic use. Areas covered The aim of this review is to present the main interindividual determinants in MDMA pharmacodynamics. The principal sources of pharmacodynamic variability are reviewed, with special emphasis on sex-gender, race-ethnicity, genetic differences, interactions, and MDMA acute toxicity, as well as possible therapeutic use. Expert opinion Acute MDMA effects are more pronounced in women than they are in men. Very limited data on the relationship between race-ethnicity and MDMA effects are available. MDMA metabolism includes some polymorphic enzymes that can slightly modify plasma concentrations and effects. Although a considerable number of studies exist about the acute effects of MDMA, the small number of subjects in each trial limits evaluation of the different interindividual factors and does not permit a clear conclusion about their influence. These issues should be considered when studying possible MDMA therapeutic use.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Serotonin Agents
/
N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine
/
Hallucinogens
Limits:
Animals
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
En
Journal:
Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol
Journal subject:
METABOLISMO
/
TOXICOLOGIA
Year:
2018
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Spain