Classical Protein Kinase C: a novel kinase target in breast cancer.

ABSTRACT

Classical protein kinase C (cPKC) enzymes are ser/thr protein kinases that have been an important factor in regulating a variety of cellular functions required for both in terms of health and disease. Therefore, precise control of cPKC-mediated signal is necessary for cellular homeostasis; however, their dysregulation leads to the development of several pathophysiological conditions including cancer. In cellular microenvironment, cPKC-mediated signaling is accompanied by multiple molecular mechanisms including phosphorylation, second messenger binding, and scaffold proteins. Functional cPKC interacts with a number of cellular proteins involved in the regulation of multiple biological functions such as cell growth, survival, migration, and adhesion. Further, the role of cPKC varies from cell to cell, substrate to substrate and, therefore, it is plausible to assume that the dysregulation of cPKC activity causes cellular transformation. Currently, there is no sufficient literature available to provide better understating to develop an effective therapeutic regimen to reverse pathophysiological condition caused by functionally dysregulated cPKC. Therefore, in the present review, we have focused on to provide a better and detail information on the various aspects of cPKC such as structure, mode of activation, regulation, and distinct cellular functions useful for the development of an effective therapeutic regimen against the breast cancer.