Aquatic animal viruses mediated immune evasion in their host.

ABSTRACT

Viruses are important and lethal pathogens that hamper aquatic animals. The result of the battle between host and virus would determine the occurrence of diseases. The host will fight against virus infection with various responses such as innate immunity, adaptive immunity, apoptosis, and so on. On the other hand, the virus also develops numerous strategies such as immune evasion to antagonize host antiviral responses. Here, We review the research advances on virus mediated immune evasions to host responses containing interferon response, NF-κB signaling, apoptosis, and adaptive response, which are executed by viral genes, proteins, and miRNAs from different aquatic animal viruses including Alloherpesviridae, Iridoviridae, Nimaviridae, Birnaviridae, Reoviridae, and Rhabdoviridae. Thus, it will facilitate the understanding of aquatic animal virus mediated immune evasion and potentially benefit the development of novel antiviral applications.