Increased risk of dizziness in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients taking zidovudine and efavirenz combination: a Brazilian cohort study.
J Pharm Pharmacol
; 72(5): 719-727, 2020 May.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32043598
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
Neuropsychiatric adverse effects (NPAE) related to efavirenz, mainly dizziness, is detrimental to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment. Our study aims at evaluating if zidovudine use potentiates the risk of dizziness related to efavirenz when used together and whether there are significant differences in over time distribution of this NPAE and others relatively frequents regarding efavirenz regimen without zidovudine.METHODS:
Human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients under efavirenz-containing different therapy were enrolled. A retrospective analysis of official medical records was accomplished to collect clinical data regarding NPAE occurrence and severity. Univariate statistic and statistical model based on survival analyses were performed. KEYFINDINGS:
One hundred sixty-two patients were included, of these seventy-seven (47.5%) had NPAE reported, such as dizziness (more frequent), depression and insomnia. Univariate statistical analysis demonstrated that the combined use of efavirenz with zidovudine increased the NPAE risk (OR 2.5; P-value 0.008), mainly dizziness risk (OR 3.5; P-value 0.009) and survival analysis showed that such combination is associated with dizziness occurrence faster (HR 2.9; P-value 0.02).CONCLUSIONS:
The results may contribute to clarify the dizziness occurrence dynamics in therapy with efavirenz and zidovudine by identifying susceptibilities and assisting in the choice of combined antiretroviral therapy.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Zidovudine
/
HIV Infections
/
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
/
Anti-HIV Agents
/
Cyclopropanes
/
Benzoxazines
/
Dizziness
/
Alkynes
Type of study:
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Country/Region as subject:
America do sul
/
Brasil
Language:
En
Journal:
J Pharm Pharmacol
Year:
2020
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Brazil
Country of publication:
ENGLAND
/
ESCOCIA
/
GB
/
GREAT BRITAIN
/
INGLATERRA
/
REINO UNIDO
/
SCOTLAND
/
UK
/
UNITED KINGDOM