Kinetics of single and dual simultaneous infection of pigs with swine influenza A virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.
J Vet Intern Med
; 34(5): 1903-1913, 2020 Sep.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32618394
BACKGROUND: Simultaneous viral infections exhibit the phenomenon of viral interference, but understanding of the effect of one virus on another is limited. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate and compare clinical characteristics, immune and acute phase response, viral shedding and viral load in pigs singly and doubly inoculated with swine influenza A virus (swIAV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). ANIMALS: Fifty-four 7-week-old piglets. METHODS: Clinical status and gross lung lesions were scored. Titration of swIAV was carried out in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. The PRRSV RNA was quantified using a commercial qPCR kit. Antibodies were detected by hemagglutination inhibition assay and commercial ELISA. A lymphocyte proliferation assay was used to measure antigen-specific T-cell responses. Acute phase proteins were determined using ELISA. RESULTS: No differences were found between mean clinical scores, swIAV and PRRSV shedding, and magnitude of the humoral and T-cell response between single-inoculated and dual-inoculated groups. Concentrations of C-reactive protein and haptoglobin increased in PRRSV-inoculated and coinoculated groups, whereas serum amyloid A concentration was increased in groups inoculated or coinoculated with swIAV. Mean swIAV TCID50 titers in the lungs did not differ significantly between coinoculated and swIAV single-inoculated pigs. A significantly higher mean copy number of PRRSV was found in the lungs of PRRSV only-inoculated pigs at 2 day postinoculation (DPI). From 4 DPI, no significant differences in PRRSV load were identified. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Coinfection of pigs with swIAV and PRRSV did not potentiate clinical signs, lung lesions, immune response, and replication of the viruses in the respiratory tract.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Influenza A virus
/
Swine Diseases
/
Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus
/
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome
/
Dog Diseases
Type of study:
Prognostic_studies
Limits:
Animals
Language:
En
Journal:
J Vet Intern Med
Journal subject:
MEDICINA INTERNA
/
MEDICINA VETERINARIA
Year:
2020
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Poland
Country of publication:
United States