Reducing the Abundance of Harmful Bacteria of Rooftop Tank-Stored Drinking Water Using Silver Nanoparticles and Acetic Acid and Its Impact on Japanese Quail Growth Performances.

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the microbial diversity of rooftop tank-stored drinking water consumed by Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and acetic acid (AC) and their mixture. Japanese quails (2 weeks old) of two different plumage colors, white and brown, were divided into four groups. In group 1 (control), birds received rooftop tank-stored water. In groups 2, 3, and 4, birds received rooftop tank-stored water treated with AC (0.5 mL/L), AgNPs (0.1 mg/L), or both AC and AgNPs. A reduction in the total coliform count was observed for AgNP- and AC-treated water after 2 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 5 days (P < 0.05). Growth rates and feed intake in both white- and brown-feathered quails were also increased using both AC and AgNPs (P < 0.05). A significant decrease in water consumption was observed in the brown-feathered quails, whereas the white-feathered quails drank more water (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, serum parameters remained unchanged in the white-feathered quails using both AC or/and AgNP purifiers (P > 0.05), whereas brown-feathered quails receiving water treated with AC or both AC and AgNPs displayed a significant increase in serum total protein and hemoglobin compared with quails receiving water treated with AgNPs alone or non-treated water (P < 0.05). Cholesterol and triglycerides levels were significantly increased when using both AC or/and AgNP purifiers (P < 0.05). In conclusion, both AgNPs and AC are recommended as efficient purifiers to eliminate pathogenic bacteria and to increase the growth performance and health condition of white- and brown-feathered Japanese quail birds.