Effect of a Er, Cr:YSGG laser and a Er:YAG laser treatment on oral biofilm-contaminated titanium.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Implant surface decontamination is a challenging procedure for therapy of peri-implant disease. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of decontamination on oral biofilm-contaminated titanium surfaces in ErYAG laser, Er, CrYSGG laser, and plastic curette. METHODOLOGY: For oral biofilms formation, six participants wore an acrylic splint with eight titanium discs in the maxillary arch for 72 hours. A total of 48 contaminated discs were distributed among four groups untreated control; decontamination with plastic curettes; Er, CrYSGG laser; and ErYAG laser irradiation. Complete plaque removal was estimated using naked-eye and the time taken was recorded; the residual plaque area was measured and the morphological alteration of the specimen surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The total bacterial load and the viability of adherent bacteria were quantified by live or dead cell labeling with fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS: The mean treatment time significantly decreased based on the treatment used in the following order ErYAG, Er, CrYSGG laser, and plastic curettes (234.9±25.4 sec, 156.1±12.7 sec, and 126.4±18.6 sec, P=0.000). The mean RPA in the Er, CrYSGG laser group (7.0±2.5%) was lower than ErYAG and plastic curettes groups (10.3±2.4%, 12.3±3.6%, p=0.023). The viable bacteria on the titanium surface after Er, CrYSGG laser irradiation was significantly lower compared to the decontamination with plastic curette (P=0.05) but it was not significantly different from the ErYAG laser irradiation. CONCLUSION: We found that ErYAG laser and Er, CrYSGG laser irradiation were effective methods for decontaminations without surface alterations.