[Effects of an interdisciplinary program combining aerobic interval training and dynamic strength in acute coronary syndrome]. / Efectos de un programa interdisciplinar combinado con entrenamiento aeróbico continuo variable y fuerza dinámica en el síndrome coronario agudo.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Cardiac rehabilitation has the highest level of recognition in medical guideline references, however there are still little-explored training modalities. We study the effects of an interdisciplinary program after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in phase II secondary prevention. METHODS: Between January 2008 and December 2018, 439 patients with stable ischemic heart disease and preserved systolic function were included, as maximum 2 month after the ACS. A combined aerobic resistance training program in a variable continuous method and muscle toning with overload and/or ballast was applied, in addition to nutritional counseling and psychological-educational therapy for 12 weeks. RESULTS: 378 patients finished. The functional capacity increases in the incremental stress test (1.76 METS; CI 95% 1.59-1.96, p < 0.001) and in the six minutes walking test (32.58 m; CI 95% 29.24-35.92, p < 0.001). Leisure physical activity in IPAQ increased (763.27 min/week; CI 95% 583.31-943.16, p < 0.001) and the time sitting during the week decreased (-28.85 min/day; CI 95% -43.94 to -13.77, p < 0.001). Also, eating habits improved in PREDIMED (2.58 units; CI 95% 1.43-3.73, p < 0.001), decreased body weight (-0.88 kg; CI 95% -1.26 to -0.49, p < 0.001), the abdominal perimeter (1.57 cm; CI 95% 2.23-0.90, p < 0.001) and adipose tissue (-0.80%; CI 95% -1.10 to -0.51, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: An interdisciplinary program with high intensity variable continuous training combined with dynamic muscle toning increases functional capacity, the level of physical activity, improves body composition and eating habits in ACS patients.