Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity of Andrographis paniculata Extract and Its Major Component Andrographolide in Human Lung Epithelial Cells and Cytotoxicity Evaluation in Major Organ Cell Representatives.
J Nat Prod
; 84(4): 1261-1270, 2021 04 23.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33844528
ABSTRACT
The coronaviruses disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has become a major health problem, affecting more than 50 million people with over one million deaths globally. Effective antivirals are still lacking. Here, we optimized a high-content imaging platform and the plaque assay for viral output study using the legitimate model of human lung epithelial cells, Calu-3, to determine the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of Andrographis paniculata extract and its major component, andrographolide. SARS-CoV-2 at 25TCID50 was able to reach the maximal infectivity of 95% in Calu-3 cells. Postinfection treatment of A. paniculata and andrographolide in SARS-CoV-2-infected Calu-3 cells significantly inhibited the production of infectious virions with an IC50 of 0.036 µg/mL and 0.034 µM, respectively, as determined by the plaque assay. The cytotoxicity profile developed over the cell line representatives of major organs, including liver (HepG2 and imHC), kidney (HK-2), intestine (Caco-2), lung (Calu-3), and brain (SH-SY5Y), showed a CC50 of >100 µg/mL for A. paniculata extract and 13.2-81.5 µM for andrographolide, respectively, corresponding to a selectivity index of over 380. In conclusion, this study provided experimental evidence in favor of A. paniculata and andrographolide for further development as a monotherapy or in combination with other effective drugs against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Plant Extracts
/
Andrographis
/
Diterpenes
/
SARS-CoV-2
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
J Nat Prod
Year:
2021
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Thailand