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Ultrasound-guided modified subcostal transversus abdominis plane block and influence of recumbency position on dye spread in equine cadavers.
Freitag, Flavio A V; Amora, Dorli da S; Muehlbauer, Eloisa; Dornbusch, Peterson T; Machado, Marcello; Montiani-Ferreira, Fabiano; Prisco Farias, Edison L; Valverde, Alexander; Duque Moreno, Juan Carlos.
Affiliation
  • Freitag FAV; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
  • Amora DDS; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
  • Muehlbauer E; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
  • Dornbusch PT; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
  • Machado M; Anatomy Department, Biological Science Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
  • Montiani-Ferreira F; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
  • Prisco Farias EL; Anatomy Department, Biological Science Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
  • Valverde A; Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
  • Duque Moreno JC; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. Electronic address: anestesiologiavet@yahoo.com.br.
Vet Anaesth Analg ; 48(4): 596-602, 2021 Jul.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33903072
OBJECTIVE: To describe and evaluate an ultrasound-guided modified subcostal approach for the transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in horse cadavers in lateral or dorsal recumbency. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, experimental cadaveric study. ANIMALS: Study of one preserved foal and eight fresh adult horse cadavers. METHODS: The lateral and ventral abdominal wall of a preserved cadaver was dissected to identify the muscles and nerves. A unilateral standard TAP block technique was performed (60 mL of methylene blue dye-bupivacaine) on a fresh cadaver in right lateral recumbency. A modified subcostal technique was performed on the opposite side using a linear ultrasound transducer and in-plane approach. Injection points (two 30 mL dye) were at the level of the TAP (between the rectus abdominis and transversus abdominis muscles and ventral to the cutaneous trunci muscle) perpendicular to: 1) the mid-point between the xiphoid cartilage and umbilical scar; and 2) at a point between the caudal and middle thirds of the abdomen measured from the first injection point to the umbilical scar. The modified subcostal approach was performed in seven additional cadavers in both hemiabdomens, with three cadavers in lateral and four cadavers in dorsal recumbency. Ultrasound guidance was used with all injections. RESULTS: The standard approach stained the sixteenth to eighteenth thoracic nerves (T16-T18). The modified subcostal approach performed in lateral recumbency provided greater spread (T9-T17) than dorsal recumbency (T12-T18) (p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The modified subcostal TAP approach resulted in extensive staining exceeding the standard approach. The nerves stained are consistent with production of ventral abdominal wall anesthesia in horses. Clinical studies are needed to verify these findings.
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Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Horse Diseases / Nerve Block Type of study: Guideline / Observational_studies / Prognostic_studies Limits: Animals Language: En Journal: Vet Anaesth Analg Journal subject: ANESTESIOLOGIA / MEDICINA VETERINARIA Year: 2021 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Canada Country of publication: United States

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Horse Diseases / Nerve Block Type of study: Guideline / Observational_studies / Prognostic_studies Limits: Animals Language: En Journal: Vet Anaesth Analg Journal subject: ANESTESIOLOGIA / MEDICINA VETERINARIA Year: 2021 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Canada Country of publication: United States