Sequential infection with H1N1 and SARS-CoV-2 aggravated COVID-19 pathogenesis in a mammalian model, and co-vaccination as an effective method of prevention of COVID-19 and influenza.
Signal Transduct Target Ther
; 6(1): 200, 2021 05 20.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34016949
ABSTRACT
Influenza A virus may circulate simultaneously with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, leading to more serious respiratory diseases during this winter. However, the influence of these viruses on disease outcome when both influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 are present in the host remains unclear. Using a mammalian model, sequential infection was performed in ferrets and in K18-hACE2 mice, with SARS-CoV-2 infection following H1N1. We found that co-infection with H1N1 and SARS-CoV-2 extended the duration of clinical manifestation of COVID-19, and enhanced pulmonary damage, but reduced viral shedding of throat swabs and viral loads in the lungs of ferrets. Moreover, mortality was increased in sequentially infected mice compared with single-infection mice. Compared with single-vaccine inoculation, co-inoculation of PiCoVacc (a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine) and the flu vaccine showed no significant differences in neutralizing antibody titers or virus-specific immune responses. Combined immunization effectively protected K18-hACE2 mice against both H1N1 and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our findings indicated the development of systematic models of co-infection of H1N1 and SARS-CoV-2, which together notably enhanced pneumonia in ferrets and mice, as well as demonstrated that simultaneous vaccination against H1N1 and SARS-CoV-2 may be an effective prevention strategy for the coming winter.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Orthomyxoviridae Infections
/
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype
/
Coinfection
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Etiology_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
En
Journal:
Signal Transduct Target Ther
Year:
2021
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
China