Sex Differences and the Role of Sex Hormones in Pulmonary Hypertension.
Clin Chest Med
; 42(3): 457-465, 2021 09.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34353451
ABSTRACT
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by progressive pulmonary vascular remodeling and the eventual development of right heart failure. Multiple mechanisms are responsible, including vasoconstriction, metabolic flux, and inflammation. Since the early descriptions of pulmonary hypertension, female sex has been associated with increased prevalence of the disease, with research showing both detrimental and beneficial effects of estrogen and its metabolites. This article aims to describe how the female paradox arises from sex differences in pulmonary hypertension and how this has an impact on pathophysiology and future treatment.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Heart Failure
/
Hypertension, Pulmonary
Type of study:
Etiology_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
En
Journal:
Clin Chest Med
Year:
2021
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
United States