Health risks of dual use of electronic and combustible cigarettes: exposure to acrylamide and glycidamide.
Pol Arch Intern Med
; 132(1)2022 01 28.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34612028
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
A combustible cigarette is a significant source of acrylamide, which is associated with numerous adverse effects. Electronic cigarette (ecigarette) is an emerging smoking device with uncertain health effects. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to explore the exposure risks of acrylamide (AA) by measuring biomarkers, hemoglobinadducts of AA (HbAA) and of glycidamide (HbGA), in serum samples of the general adult population with regard to different smoking status (smoking vs nonsmoking). PATIENTS ANDMETHODS:
This was a crosssectional study of 1657 participants aged 18 years or older from the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2015-2016) with recorded patient smoking status and concentrations of HbAA and HbGA. Multivariable linear regression models were used to analyze HbAA and HbGA in different smoking groups (nonsmokers, cigarettes smoking only, ecigarettes smoking only, and dual users).RESULTS:
Dual users had the highest HbAA and HbGA concentrations (median [interquartile range], 83.75 [53.28-128.25] pmol/gHb and 61.20 [40.73-89.78] pmol/gHb, respectively). There was a positive association between the use of ecigarettes and the HbAA concentration. The standardized ß coefficients of HbAA and HbGA between the combustible cigarette smokers and nonsmokers in the fully adjusted model were 0.312 and 0.255 (both P <0.001) and those between the dualusers and nonsmokers in the fully adjusted model were 0.396 and 0.342, respectively (both P <0.001).CONCLUSIONS:
Ecigarette users are exposed to AA, and users of both combustible and ecigarettes have highest measures of HbAA and HbGA. Aside from the adverse effects caused by ecigarette smoking, coexposure risks of combustible cigarettes and ecigarettes need to be communicated to the public. Further studies are warranted to aid in health promotion.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Tobacco Products
/
Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems
Type of study:
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Humans
Country/Region as subject:
America do norte
Language:
En
Journal:
Pol Arch Intern Med
Year:
2022
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
China