Superior semicircular canal dehiscence: a narrative review.
J Laryngol Otol
; 136(4): 284-292, 2022 Apr.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34615564
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Described just over 20 years ago, superior semicircular canal dehiscence remains a relatively unknown and easily missed cause of dizziness and auditory symptoms.OBJECTIVE:
This review focused on the origin, presenting symptoms and underlying pathophysiology of superior semicircular canal dehiscence, and the available treatment options. MAIN FINDINGS ANDCONCLUSION:
The bony dehiscence acts as a 'third window', affecting inner-ear homeostasis, and resulting in hypersensitivity and a vestibular response to lower sound level stimuli. The third window effect explains the pressure- and sound-induced vertigo, oscillopsia, and nystagmus, as well as autophony, conductive hyperacusis and tinnitus. The origin of superior semicircular canal dehiscence is linked to the combination of a congenital or developmental factor, and a 'second event' like head trauma, rapid pressure changes or age-related factors. Computed tomography of the temporal bone and reduced vestibular-evoked myogenic potential thresholds can confirm the diagnosis. Despite only retrospective cohorts, surgery is considered a safe treatment option, targeting mainly vestibular but also auditory symptoms, with transmastoid approaches gaining popularity.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Nystagmus, Pathologic
/
Semicircular Canal Dehiscence
Type of study:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
J Laryngol Otol
Journal subject:
OTORRINOLARINGOLOGIA
Year:
2022
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
United kingdom