T Helper Cell Subsets in the Pleural Fluid of Tuberculous Patients Differentiate Patients With Non-Tuberculous Pleural Effusions.
Front Immunol
; 12: 780453, 2021.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34925358
ABSTRACT
Background:
Tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) is one of the most common forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (Tb). Patients with TPE or malignant pleural effusions (MPE) frequently have a similar lymphocytic pleural fluid profile. Since the etiology of PE in various diseases is different, identifying the cellular components may provide diagnostic clues for understanding the pathogenesis.Objective:
We determined the frequency of T helper (Th) subtypes in the PEs for differentiation of Tb and non-Tb patients.Methods:
Thirty patients with TPE, 30 patients with MPE, 14 patients with empyema (EMP), and 14 patients with parapneumonic effusion (PPE) were enrolled between December 2018 and December 2019. Five-milliliter fresh PE in tubes containing heparin as an anticoagulant was obtained from patients. The frequencies of CD4+IL-9+, CD4+IL-22+, CD+IL-17+, and regulatory T-cells CD4+CD25+ FOXP3+ (Treg) were determined by flow cytometry.Results:
Treg cells have a lower frequency in TPE patients [4.2 (0.362-17.24)] compared with non-TPE patients [26.3 (3.349-76.93, p < 0.0001)]. The frequency of CD4+IL-9+ cells was significantly lower in TPE patients [3.67 (0.87-47.83)] compared with non-TPE groups [13.05 (1.67-61.45), p < 0.0001]. On the contrary, there was no significant difference in the frequency of CD4+IL-17+ and CD4+IL-22+ cells between TPE and non-TPE patients (p = 0.906 and p = 0.2188). Receiver-operator curve (ROC) analysis demonstrated that CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ T cells [optimal cutoff value = 13.6 (%), sensitivity 90%, specificity 75.86%] could be considered as predictor for TPE. However, adenosine deaminase [cutoff value 27.5 (IU/l), sensitivity 90%, specificity 96.5%] levels had an even greater predictive capacity.Conclusion:
ADA, Treg cells, and CD4+IL-9+ cells may differentiate TPE from non-TPE patients. However, these results need validation in an independent large cohort.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Pleural Effusion
/
Tuberculosis, Pleural
/
T-Lymphocyte Subsets
/
T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer
/
Exudates and Transudates
Type of study:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Language:
En
Journal:
Front Immunol
Year:
2021
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Iran