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Contributions of changes in physical activity, sedentary time, diet and body weight to changes in cardiometabolic risk.
Andersen, Eivind; van der Ploeg, Hidde P; van Mechelen, Willem; Gray, Cindy M; Mutrie, Nanette; van Nassau, Femke; Jelsma, Judith G M; Anderson, Annie S; Silva, Marlene N; Pereira, Hugo V; McConnachie, Alex; Sattar, Naveed; Sørensen, Marit; Røynesdal, Øystein B; Hunt, Kate; Roberts, Glyn C; Wyke, Sally; Gill, Jason M R.
Affiliation
  • Andersen E; Institute for Sport and Social Science, Norwegian School of Sport Science, PO box 4014, Ullevål stadium, 0806, Oslo, Norway. Eivind.andersen@usn.no.
  • van der Ploeg HP; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  • van Mechelen W; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  • Gray CM; Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Social Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
  • Mutrie N; Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
  • van Nassau F; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  • Jelsma JGM; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  • Anderson AS; Centre for Public Health Nutrition Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
  • Silva MN; CIDEFES, Faculdade de Educação Física e Desporto, Universidade Lusófona, Lisboa, Portugal.
  • Pereira HV; CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
  • McConnachie A; Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
  • Sattar N; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
  • Sørensen M; Institute for Sport and Social Science, Norwegian School of Sport Science, PO box 4014, Ullevål stadium, 0806, Oslo, Norway.
  • Røynesdal ØB; Institute for Sport and Social Science, Norwegian School of Sport Science, PO box 4014, Ullevål stadium, 0806, Oslo, Norway.
  • Hunt K; Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.
  • Roberts GC; Institute for Sport and Social Science, Norwegian School of Sport Science, PO box 4014, Ullevål stadium, 0806, Oslo, Norway.
  • Wyke S; Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Social Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
  • Gill JMR; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act ; 18(1): 166, 2021 12 20.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34930299
BACKGROUND: Increased physical activity (PA), reduced time spent sedentary (SED), healthier diet and reduced body weight may all have a positive impact on cardiometabolic risk. The relative importance of change in each of these variables on cardiometabolic risk, however, is unclear. We therefore sought to investigate the relative contributions of changes in PA, SED, diet and body weight on cardiometabolic risk. METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of data collected from the EuroFIT randomised controlled trial, which was a 12-week group-based lifestyle intervention for overweight middle-aged men delivered by coaches in football club stadia aiming to improve PA, SED, diet, and body weight. PA and SED were assessed by accelerometry, diet using the Dietary Instrument for Nutrition Education (DINE). An overall cardiometabolic risk score was derived from combining z-scores for glucose, HbA1c, insulin, lipids and blood pressure. In total, 707 men (from the overall cohort of 1113) with complete data for these variables at baseline and 12-month follow-up were included in the multivariable linear regression analyses. RESULTS: In multivariable analyses, change in number of steps (explaining 5.1% of R2) and dietary factors (less alcohol, fatty and sugary food, and more fruit and vegetables) (together explaining 4.5% of R2), but not changes in standing time or SED, were significantly associated with change in body weight. Changes in number of steps (R2 = 1.7%), fatty food score (R2 = 2.4%), and sugary food score (R2 = 0.4%) were significantly associated with change in cardiometabolic risk score in univariable models. However, in multivariable models which included changes in weight as well as changes in steps and dietary variables, change in weight explained a substantially larger proportion of the change in cardiometabolic risk score, explaining 14.1% of R2 (out of an overall model R2 of 19.0%). When baseline (as well as change) values were also included in the model, 38.8% of R2 for change in cardiometabolic risk score was explained overall, with 14.1% of R2 still explained by change in weight. CONCLUSION: Change in body weight, together with baseline cardiometabolic risk explained most of the change in cardiometabolic risk. Thus, the benefits of increasing physical activity and improving diet on cardiometabolic risk appear to act largely via an effect on changes in body weight. TRIAL REGISTRATION: International Standard Randomised Controlled Trials, ISRCTN-81935608. Registered 06052015. https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN81935608?q=&filters=recruitmentCountry:Portugal&sort=&offset=7&totalResults=92&page=1&pageSize=10&searchType=basic-search.
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Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Cardiovascular Diseases / Sedentary Behavior Type of study: Clinical_trials / Etiology_studies / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limits: Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: En Journal: Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act Year: 2021 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Norway Country of publication: United kingdom

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Cardiovascular Diseases / Sedentary Behavior Type of study: Clinical_trials / Etiology_studies / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limits: Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: En Journal: Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act Year: 2021 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Norway Country of publication: United kingdom