Self or Non-Self? It Is also a Matter of RNA Recognition and Editing by ADAR1.
Biology (Basel)
; 11(4)2022 Apr 08.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35453767
ABSTRACT
A-to-I editing is a post-transcriptional mechanism affecting coding and non-coding dsRNAs, catalyzed by the adenosine deaminases acting on the RNA (ADAR) family of enzymes. A-to-I modifications of endogenous dsRNA (mainly derived from Alu repetitive elements) prevent their recognition by cellular dsRNA sensors, thus avoiding the induction of antiviral signaling and uncontrolled IFN-I production. This process, mediated by ADAR1 activity, ensures the activation of an innate immune response against foreign (non-self) but not self nucleic acids. As a consequence, ADAR1 mutations or its de-regulated activity promote the development of autoimmune diseases and strongly impact cell growth, also leading to cancer. Moreover, the excessive inflammation promoted by Adar1 ablation also impacts T and B cell maturation, as well as the development of dendritic cell subsets, revealing a new role of ADAR1 in the homeostasis of the immune system.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Language:
En
Journal:
Biology (Basel)
Year:
2022
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Italy