[Nutrition and physical activity (PA) during and after cancer treatment: Therapeutic benefits, pathophysiology, recommendations, clinical management]. / Nutrition et activité physique adaptée (APA) pendant et après les traitements du cancer : bénéfices thérapeutiques, physiopathologie, recommandations, prise en charge clinique.

ABSTRACT

Lifestyle behaviors, such as diet and physical activity, are factors that influence risk of numerous cancers. They are also decisive during and after cancer for the course of oncological treatment, but also in the immediate and long-term prognosis, and quality of life during and after treatment. Separately, physical activity and nutritional support can reduce the risk of sarcopenia and its consequences, and improve quality of life during treatment. Whan introduced early, such a combination, increases the prognostic benefits. In remission, particularly in overweight patients, the APA-diet combination reduces the risk of cancer relapse and improves cardiovascular performance. These programs require a precise assessment of capacities and habits of each patient, and interventions of trained professionals (certified exercise instructor, dietician trained in oncology). The funding conditions for these programs exist for cancer survivors and should be considered for oncological treatment period.