Lipoprotein(a) is Associated with Cardiovascular Events in Low Risk Males: Results from a Health Checkup Cohort with Long-Term Follow-Up.

ABSTRACT

Objective: Elevated lipoprotein(a) level is an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, the strength of this association in healthy individuals is unknown. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed medical records obtained from a Health Examination Program. The records, covering the period 2002-2015, were from 2,634 men at low risk, as indicated by their Framingham Risk Score and Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) score, and included lipoprotein(a) data. We categorized the participants on the basis of their lipoprotein(a) level and analyzed the association of this level with cardiovascular events. Results: The study population had a mean age of 46 years. In total, 32 cardiovascular disease events - 6 strokes and 26 coronary artery events - were identified. An increase of 5 mg/dL in the lipoprotein(a) level (independent of low-density cholesterol) raised the cardiovascular disease risk by 8% over a period of 10 years (p = 0.014). Sensitivity analysis also yielded this result, even after excluding hypertension and diabetes. Conclusions: Elevated lipoprotein(a) may be a risk factor for coronary artery disease, even in male populations defined as having a low risk according to the Framingham Risk Score and SCORE.