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Use of candles and risk of cardiovascular and respiratory events in a Danish cohort study.
Loft, Steffen; Andersen, Zorana J; Jørgensen, Jeanette Therming; Kristiansen, Amalie Darling; Dam, Julie Kamstrup; Cramer, Johannah; Westendorp, Rudi G J; Lund, Rikke; Lim, Youn-Hee.
Affiliation
  • Loft S; Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Andersen ZJ; Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Jørgensen JT; Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Kristiansen AD; Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Dam JK; Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Cramer J; Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Westendorp RGJ; Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Lund R; Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Lim YH; Section of Social Medicine, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Indoor Air ; 32(8): e13086, 2022 08.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36040281
Burning candles at home emit small particles and gases that pollute indoor air. Exposure to fine particles in outdoor air has been convincingly linked to cardiovascular and respiratory events, while the associations with fine and ultrafine particles from candle burning remain unexplored. We examined the association between the use of candles and incident cardiovascular and respiratory events. We collected data on 6757 participants of the Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank cohort recruited in 2009 and followed them up for the first hospital contact for incident cardiovascular and respiratory events until 2018. We investigated an association between the self-reported frequency of candle use in wintertime and cardiovascular and respiratory events, using Cox regression models adjusting for potential confounders. During follow-up, 1462 and 834 were admitted for cardiovascular and respiratory events, respectively. We found null associations between candle use and a hospital contact due to cardiovascular and respiratory events, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.84, 1.11) and 0.98 (95% CI: 0.81, 1.18), respectively, among those using candles >4 times/week compared with <1 time/week. For cause-specific cardiovascular diseases, HRs were 1.10 (95% CI: 0.85, 1.43) for ischemic heart disease and 1.18 (95% CI: 0.77, 1.81) for myocardial infarction. For chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, HR was 1.26 (95% CI: 0.81, 1.97). We found no statistically significant associations between candle use and the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory events. Studies with improved exposure assessments are warranted.
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Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Air Pollution, Indoor / Air Pollutants / Air Pollution Type of study: Etiology_studies / Incidence_studies / Observational_studies / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Europa Language: En Journal: Indoor Air Journal subject: SAUDE AMBIENTAL Year: 2022 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Denmark Country of publication: United kingdom

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Air Pollution, Indoor / Air Pollutants / Air Pollution Type of study: Etiology_studies / Incidence_studies / Observational_studies / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Europa Language: En Journal: Indoor Air Journal subject: SAUDE AMBIENTAL Year: 2022 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Denmark Country of publication: United kingdom