Intrauterine HIV exposure is associated with linear growth restriction among Ethiopian children in the first 18 months of life.
Trop Med Int Health
; 27(9): 823-830, 2022 09.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36075687
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
The role of HIV exposure in determining growth among HIV-uninfected children is debated. We determined whether intrauterine HIV exposure influences linear growth in a cohort of Ethiopian children followed up to 18 months of age in public health facilities in Adama city, Ethiopia.METHODS:
Participants were offspring of pregnant women enrolled in a prospective cohort study that included screening for HIV infection during antenatal care. Growth patterns of HIV-exposed and uninfected (HEU) and HIV-unexposed (HU) children were compared up to 18 months of age, with length-for-age z-score (LAZ) and proportion with stunting as primary outcomes. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were constructed to investigate the associations between HIV exposure and linear growth, controlling for socio-demographic factors and breastfeeding status.RESULTS:
Of 1705 included infants (164 HEU), 1276 remained in follow-up at 18 months. Among HIV-positive mothers, 132 (80.5%) were receiving antiretroviral therapy at enrolment. At the 18-month visit, mean LAZ was -1.08 among HEU children and -0.74 among HU children (p = 0.052). Proportions of HEU and HU children with stunting at the 18-month visit were 27.8% and 18.7%, respectively (p = 0.010). In multivariable models, HIV exposure was associated with lower LAZ at all follow-up visits, and with stunting at the 18-month visit (adjusted odds ratio 2.29, 95% confidence interval 1.40-3.71). HIV exposure was not associated with weight-related growth outcomes.CONCLUSIONS:
HEU children in Ethiopia had inferior linear growth compared with HU children, implying that intrauterine HIV exposure impacts early childhood growth in this setting.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
/
HIV Infections
Type of study:
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
/
Pregnancy
Country/Region as subject:
Africa
Language:
En
Journal:
Trop Med Int Health
Journal subject:
MEDICINA TROPICAL
/
SAUDE PUBLICA
Year:
2022
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Sweden