Infection increases activity via Toll dependent and independent mechanisms in Drosophila melanogaster.
PLoS Pathog
; 18(9): e1010826, 2022 09.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36129961
ABSTRACT
Host behavioural changes are among the most apparent effects of infection. 'Sickness behaviour' can involve a variety of symptoms, including anorexia, depression, and changed activity levels. Here, using a real-time tracking and behavioural profiling platform, we show that in Drosophila melanogaster, several systemic bacterial infections cause significant increases in physical activity, and that the extent of this activity increase is a predictor of survival time in some lethal infections. Using multiple bacteria and D. melanogaster immune and activity mutants, we show that increased activity is driven by at least two different mechanisms. Increased activity after infection with Micrococcus luteus, a Gram-positive bacterium rapidly cleared by the immune response, strictly requires the Toll ligand spätzle. In contrast, increased activity after infection with Francisella novicida, a Gram-negative bacterium that cannot be cleared by the immune response, is entirely independent of both Toll and the parallel IMD pathway. The existence of multiple signalling mechanisms by which bacterial infections drive increases in physical activity implies that this effect may be an important aspect of the host response.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Drosophila Proteins
/
Drosophila melanogaster
Limits:
Animals
Language:
En
Journal:
PLoS Pathog
Year:
2022
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
United kingdom