Schiff base modified starch: A promising biosupport for palladium in Suzuki cross-coupling reactions.

ABSTRACT

Starch can be used in diverse fields because it is a readily available, non-toxic polysaccharide with adaptable functionality and biodegradability. In this study, taking the aforementioned characteristics into consideration, we designed a modified starch (Starch-SB), which serves as supporting material for palladium stabilization. This new air and moisture-stable robust palladium composite [Starch-SB-Pd(II)] was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TGA, XPS, SEM, EDX, TEM, CP/MAS 13C NMR, and ICP-MS analytical techniques. The catalytic studies exhibit high activity (up to 99 %) and stability in Suzuki cross-coupling reactions for this starch supported catalytic system under mild conditions (lower reaction temperature and green solvents) because of the cooperative interactions of multifunctional capturing sites on starch (Schiff base, hydroxy and amine groups) with palladium species. The experiments on reusability demonstrate that Starch-SB-Pd(II), which was prepared from functionalized starch, could be readily recycled several cycles through centrifugation. Moreover, we proposed a possibly multifunctional complex structure. This work presents an appealing and intriguing pathway for the utilization of polysaccharide as crucial support in green chemical transformations.