Impact of a Statewide Livestock Antibiotic Use Policy on Resistance in Human Urine Escherichia coli Isolates: A Synthetic Control Analysis.
Environ Health Perspect
; 131(2): 27007, 2023 02.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36821707
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
On 1 January 2018, California implemented Senate Bill 27 (SB27), banning, for the first time in the United States, routine preventive use of antibiotics in food-animal production and any antibiotic use without a veterinarian's prescription.OBJECTIVES:
Our objective was to assess whether SB27 was associated with decreased antimicrobial resistance among E. coli isolated from human urine.METHODS:
We used U.S. nationwide monthly state-level data from BD Insights Research Database (Becton, Dickinson, and Co.) spanning 1 January 2013 to 30 June 2021 on antibiotic-resistance patterns of 30-d nonduplicate E. coli isolated from urine. Tested antibiotic classes included aminoglycosides, extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC), fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines. Counts of tested and not-susceptible (resistant and intermediate, hereafter resistant) urine isolates were available by sex, age group (<65, 65+ year), month, and state. We applied a synthetic control approach to estimate the causal effect of SB27 on resistance patterns. Our approach created a synthetic California based on a composite of other states without the policy change and contrasted its counterfactual postpolicy trends with the observed postpolicy trends in California.FINDINGS:
We included 7.1 million E. coli urine isolates, 90% among women, across 33 states. From 2013 to 2017, the median (interquartile range) resistance percentages in California were 11.9% (7.4, 17.6), 13.8% (5.8, 20.0), 24.6% (9.6, 36.4), 7.9% (2.1, 13.1), for aminoglycosides, ESC, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines, respectively. SB27 was associated with a 7.1% reduction in ESC resistance (p-value for joint null <0.01), but no change in resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, or tetracyclines.DISCUSSION:
Further research is needed to determine the role of SB27 in the observed reduction in ESC resistance E. coli in human populations, particularly as additional states implement similar legislation. https//doi.org/10.1289/EHP11221.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Escherichia coli Infections
/
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Limits:
Animals
/
Female
/
Humans
Country/Region as subject:
America do norte
Language:
En
Journal:
Environ Health Perspect
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
United States