Heterogeneity of humoral response patterns in mildly symptomatic, non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A one-year longitudinal study.
Exp Biol Med (Maywood)
; 248(10): 874-882, 2023 05.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36941802
ABSTRACT
The duration and protectiveness of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in infected subjects are still uncertain; nonetheless, anti-S-specific antibodies can contribute to protective immunity against new infections. It has been described that the level of antibodies produced in COVID-19 is related to the severity of symptoms, and the majority of the humoral response studies have been conducted in hospitalized patients who have been, then, followed over time. However, about 80% of SARS-CoV-2 infections in unvaccinated people are mild to asymptomatic, and this percentage reaches more than 95% in vaccinated individuals. Therefore, understanding the long-term dynamics of the antibody responses in this predominant part of the COVID-19-affected population is essential. In this study, we followed a cohort of individuals with mild COVID-19 who did not require hospitalization. We collected blood samples at sequential times after the SARS-CoV-2-positive qRT-PCR result. From 65 recruited patients, 50 had detectable antibodies at screening. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM levels peaked around two weeks post-COVID-19 diagnostics, becoming undetectable after 65 days. IgG levels reached a peak in approximately one month and remained detectable for more than one year. In contrast to the levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2, antibody neutralization potency indexes persisted over time. In this study, humoral responses in mild COVID-19 patients persisted for more than one year. This is an important long-term follow-up study that includes responses from COVID-19 patients before and after vaccination, a scenery that has become increasingly difficult to evaluate due to the growing vaccination of the world human population.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
COVID-19
Type of study:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Exp Biol Med (Maywood)
Journal subject:
BIOLOGIA
/
FISIOLOGIA
/
MEDICINA
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Brazil
Publication country:
ENGLAND
/
ESCOCIA
/
GB
/
GREAT BRITAIN
/
INGLATERRA
/
REINO UNIDO
/
SCOTLAND
/
UK
/
UNITED KINGDOM