Genome control by SMC complexes.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
; 24(9): 633-650, 2023 09.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37231112
ABSTRACT
Many cellular processes require large-scale rearrangements of chromatin structure. Structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) protein complexes are molecular machines that can provide structure to chromatin. These complexes can connect DNA elements in cis, walk along DNA, build and processively enlarge DNA loops and connect DNA molecules in trans to hold together the sister chromatids. These DNA-shaping abilities place SMC complexes at the heart of many DNA-based processes, including chromosome segregation in mitosis, transcription control and DNA replication, repair and recombination. In this Review, we discuss the latest insights into how SMC complexes such as cohesin, condensin and the SMC5-SMC6 complex shape DNA to direct these fundamental chromosomal processes. We also consider how SMC complexes, by building chromatin loops, can counteract the natural tendency of alike chromatin regions to cluster. SMC complexes thus control nuclear organization by participating in a molecular tug of war that determines the architecture of our genome.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Chromatin
/
Chromosomes
Language:
En
Journal:
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
Journal subject:
BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Netherlands