Seronegative acute encephalitis following COVID-19 vaccines: a case series of an overlooked diagnosis with literature review.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol
; 79(7): 975-987, 2023 Jul.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37231308
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE:
Autoimmune encephalitis is a neurological emergency of new-onset altered mental status, caused by an exaggerated immune-mediated response that targets the central nervous system. Autoimmune encephalitis has become an emerging differential diagnosis, when a classical infection cannot explain neurological symptoms. Displaying overlapping clinical presentations, ranging from the insidious onset of cognitive deficiency to more severe forms of encephalopathy with refractory seizures, autoimmune encephalitis can be challenging for clinicians. When evidence of malignancy is absent and pathogenic autoantibodies are undetected, with typical clinical and imaging features of autoimmune encephalitis, seronegative autoimmune encephalitis may be considered. Recently, vaccination-related autoimmune encephalitis and acute encephalitis after COVID-19 vaccination have attracted attention. METHODS ANDRESULTS:
We report a case series consisting of three patients with autoimmune encephalitis occurring shortly after COVID-19 vaccination and a current review of all previous reported autoimmune encephalitis related to COVID-19 vaccines.CONCLUSION:
We emphasise on the prompt diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis induced by Covid-19 vaccines and its timely treatment to improve the clinical outcome of this severe neurological condition. Post-licencing vaccine safety surveillance for potential adverse events is essential for vaccine safety and public confidence.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System
/
Encephalitis
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Eur J Clin Pharmacol
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Tunisia