Onsite Nonpotable Water Systems Pathogen Treatment Targets: A Comparison of Infection and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) Risk Benchmark Approaches.
Environ Sci Technol
; 57(26): 9559-9566, 2023 07 04.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37342916
ABSTRACT
Pathogen log10 reduction targets for onsite nonpotable water systems were calculated using both annual infection (LRTINF) and disability-adjusted life year (LRTDALY) benchmarks. The DALY is a measure of the health burden of a disease, accounting for both the severity and duration of illness. Results were evaluated to identify if treatment requirements change when accounting for the likelihood, duration, and severity of illness in addition to the likelihood of infection. The benchmarks of 10-4 infections per person per year (ppy) and 10-6 DALYs ppy were adopted along with multilevel dose-response models for Norovirus and Campylobacter jejuni, which characterize the probability of illness given infection (Pill|inf) as dose-dependent using challenge or outbreak data. We found differences between treatment requirements, LRTINF - LRTDALY, for some pathogens, driven by the likelihood of illness, rather than the severity of illness. For pathogens with dose-independent Pill|inf characterizations, such as Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia, and Salmonella enterica, the difference, LRTINF - LRTDALY, was identical across reuse scenarios (Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Water Purification
/
Cryptosporidiosis
/
Cryptosporidium
Type of study:
Etiology_studies
/
Guideline
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Aspects:
Patient_preference
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Environ Sci Technol
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
United States