Antipsychotic-Induced Metabolic Syndrome: A Review.
Metab Syndr Relat Disord
; 21(6): 294-305, 2023 08.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37347965
ABSTRACT
Schizophrenia, a serious psychiatric disorder, is among the top 10 global causes of disability and affects nearly 1% of the world population. Antipsychotics constitute the best treatment for patients with schizophrenia, however, this treatment class carries a high risk of metabolic syndrome, including lipid abnormalities. Indeed, the risk of metabolic syndrome would be increased in the population with schizophrenia compared to the general population. The objective is to summarize the prevalence, the mechanisms, and the potential treatments of antipsychotic-induced metabolic syndrome. This is a narrative review of the literature. We searched the electronic database Medline, accessed through PubMed, to find studies that investigated the prevalence and treatments of metabolic syndrome in the adult population using antipsychotics. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients treated with antipsychotics ranges from 37% to 63%. Antipsychotic iatrogenic effects include weight gain/increased waist circumference, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. Clozapine and olanzapine are reported to precipitate the onset of metabolic syndrome features. In patients with metabolic syndrome, an antipsychotic with less metabolic side effects such as lurasidone, lumateperone, ziprasidone, and aripiprazole should be prioritized. Unlike medications, aerobic exercise and dietetic counseling were found to be efficient as the nonpharmacologic treatment of antipsychotic-induced metabolic syndrome. Few pharmacological treatments were proven effective against weight gain in this patient population. The risk of metabolic syndrome induced by antipsychotics should be early recognized and closely monitored. Primary and secondary prevention of metabolic syndrome or onset of its feature might help reduce the risk of death for patients using antipsychotics.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Schizophrenia
/
Antipsychotic Agents
/
Clozapine
/
Metabolic Syndrome
/
Olanzapine
Type of study:
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Adult
/
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Metab Syndr Relat Disord
Journal subject:
METABOLISMO
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Canada