Trace metals and the hemostatic system.

In this narrative review we report the main relationships between trace metals and the hemostatic system since this aspect has seldom attracted the attention of the scientific community. A basic aspect to be considered is the importance of maintaining the fine control of all trace metals' levels since they have an important impact on the pathophysiology of the hemostatic system. It is worth noting that poor diet habits are responsible for most trace metal deficiencies, while pollution is responsible for dangerous exposure to them with a consequent negative impact on the general population. This appears of paramount importance in planning the implementation of food and nutrient support to ameliorate the hidden hunger and the quality of life of people especially in developing countries and limiting poisons both in the air and food. As it often happens, when damage to certain mechanisms takes a very long time to appear, no attention is paid to the importance of a systematic prevention to avoid late negative outcomes.