Reversal learning in those with early psychosis features contingency-dependent changes in loss response and learning.
Cogn Neuropsychiatry
; 28(5): 342-360, 2023 09.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37737715
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
People with psychotic disorders commonly feature broad decision-making impairments that impact their functional outcomes. Specific associative/reinforcement learning problems have been demonstrated in persistent psychosis. But these phenotypes may differ in early psychosis, suggesting that aspects of cognition decline over time.METHODS:
The present proof-of-concept study examined goal-directed action and reversal learning in controls and those with early psychosis.RESULTS:
Equivalent performance was observed between groups during outcome-specific devaluation, and reversal learning at an 8020 contingency (reward probability for highlow targets). But when the low target reward probability was increased (8040) those with early psychosis altered their response to loss, whereas controls did not. Computational modelling confirmed that in early psychosis there was a change in punishment learning that increased the chance of staying with the same stimulus after a loss, multiple trials into the future. In early psychosis, the magnitude of this response was greatest in those with higher IQ and lower clinical severity scores.CONCLUSIONS:
We show preliminary evidence that those with early psychosis present with a phenotype that includes altered responding to loss and hyper-adaptability in response to outcome changes. This may reflect a compensatory response to overcome the milieu of corticostriatal changes associated with psychotic disorders.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Psychotic Disorders
/
Reversal Learning
Type of study:
Prognostic_studies
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Cogn Neuropsychiatry
Journal subject:
NEUROLOGIA
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Australia