Iodine Concentration in the Breast Milk and Urine as Biomarkers of Iodine Nutritional Status of Lactating Women and Breastfed Infants in Taiwan.
Nutrients
; 15(19)2023 Sep 25.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37836409
ABSTRACT
Breast milk iodine concentration (BMIC) can be different when median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) is similar. The BMIC, UIC/creatinine (Cr), estimated 24-h urinary iodine excretion (24-h UIE) of lactating women in Taiwan is unknown. This study enrolled lactating women from Taipei Veterans General Hospital (August 2021-February 2023). Each participant provided a random spot urine sample, two breast milk samples, a blood sample, and completed a food frequency questionnaire on the same day. Iodine measurement was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The median UIC of the enrolled 71 women was 91.1 µg/L, indicating insufficient iodine status; however, the median BMIC was 166.6 µg/L and this suggested that the amount of iodine delivered through breast milk was adequate for the breastfed infants. BMIC was correlated with UIC/Cr and 24-h UIE (both rs = 0.49) but not with UIC (rs = 0.18) or thyroid stimulating hormone (rs = 0.07). Women who did not consume dairy products (adjusted odds ratio 24.41, 95% confidence interval 1.26-471.2) and multivitamins (adjusted odds ratio 8.26, 95% confidence interval 1.76-38.79) were at increased odds for having lower BMIC. The results suggest that measuring maternal UIC alone may not be sufficient, as BMIC, UIC/Cr, and 24-h UIE are all important biomarkers. Ingestion of dairy products and multivitamins were independently associated with BMIC.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Breast Feeding
/
Iodine
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
Country/Region as subject:
Asia
Language:
En
Journal:
Nutrients
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Taiwan
Publication country:
CH
/
SUIZA
/
SUÍÇA
/
SWITZERLAND