Biochemical and teratogenic effects of a mixture of pyriproxyfen and glyphosate.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol
; 275: 109766, 2024 Jan.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37844749
ABSTRACT
The mixture of agrochemicals can be made to improve pest control or accidentally. In this way, the effects on non-target organisms are a critical aspect of the environment and heath. Thus, this work aimed to show how a mixture of pyriproxyfen, and glyphosate can impair biochemical routes and embryonic development. Zebrafish embryos 0-72 hpf were exposed to 0.001-1 µg/mL of pyriproxyfen, glyphosate, and a mixture of both pesticides. The ADMETox was evaluated in silico. The FET-test was used to estimate teratogenic effects. The biochemical effects were estimated using AChE, SOD, and CAT as parameters. ROS generation was estimated using 30 µM H2DCF-DA and 5 µM DHE. The ADMETox reveals that intestinal absorption and P-glycoprotein are the main sites for PPx and Gly adsorption. The distribution parameters were diverse. PPx + Gly at 0.1 µg/mL leads to 50 % of lethality and at 1 µg/mL 100 % of lethality. PPx + Gly leads to a 22 % of lack of somite formation at 1 µg/mL. The heart rate was reduced by >10 % in all concentrations tested. The AChE has a decrease with IC20 19.6 µM and IC50 261.5 µM. SOD showed a reduction of 28 % to PPx and CAT was reduced by 58 % to PPx + Gly and Gly at 1 µg/mL. Glyphosate does not increase unspecific ROS generation. The superoxide generation was 2× higher in the PPx + Gly at 1 µg/mL. Summarily, was observed that the mixture of PPx + Gly potentiated the toxic effects. This finding suggests a possible synergism between the PPx and Gly even at lower concentrations.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Superoxide Dismutase
/
Zebrafish
Limits:
Animals
Language:
En
Journal:
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol
Journal subject:
FARMACOLOGIA
/
TOXICOLOGIA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Brazil
Country of publication:
United States