Antioxidant, hepatoprotective & nephroprotective potential of a novel synthetic compound 2', 3'-dihydroxybenzylidene in paracetamol intoxicated rats.

Paracetamol is a commonly used analgesic and antipyretic drug, but at a high dose level, it leads to deleterious side effects. The need to investigate new hepatoprotective drugs is driven by the lack of safety and efficiency of existing medications. A newly synthesized compound 2', 3'-dihydroxybenzylidene (DHB) was evaluated in the present study for its antioxidant, hepatoprotective and nephroprotective potential compared to ascorbic acid in paracetamol intoxicated rats. DHB and ascorbic acid were evaluated against 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for assessment of the antioxidant potential. Male albino rats (n = 20) were categorized into 5 groups with 4 rats each and the test compounds were administered for 14 days consecutively. On day 15th, the rats were anesthetized, and blood was collected through heart puncture for the evaluation of hematological and serological parameters. Subsequently, the rats were dissected for the histopathology of liver and kidney. Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Serum Bilirubin (SBR), Cholesterol level and Renal Function Tests (RFTs) showed a substantial increase in the paracetamol treated group. Healing in liver and kidney tissues was observed in the DHB treated groups compared to paracetamol intoxicated group. The hemoglobin (HB), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), RBCs and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were found significantly elevated while the total leukocytes count (TLC), platelets (PLT) and neutrophils significantly decreased in the DHB treated group compared to the paracetamol intoxicated group. It is concluded that DHB possesses antioxidant, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, and anti-inflammatory potential against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats.